Prologue

During the Christmas of 2023, we decided to set off for a marathon road run, The British Isles in 2 Weeks | 4000 km Road Trip across Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales) and Ireland (Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland) from the Netherlands | Itinerary, Tips, and Tricks, that turned out to be one of the most memorable trips of our lifetime. So, based on our experience, today I’m going to take you along with me on a ride across the 7 best things to do in Cardiff, the capital of Wales, in one day. Let the journey begin!

Welcome to Wales

Wales, a country with a rich history, stunning landscapes, and a distinct culture, offers travelers a unique experience. Located on the western edge of the United Kingdom, Wales has a fascinating past that stretches back thousands of years. The earliest evidence of human habitation dates back to the Stone Age, and it was later home to various Celtic tribes. In the 5th and 6th centuries, Wales became a land of independent kingdoms, known for its resilience against Roman and Saxon invasions.

In the 13th century, after a series of conflicts, the English crown annexed Wales, leading to the formation of the Principality of Wales. Despite being incorporated into the Kingdom of England, Welsh identity remained strong, and the Welsh language and culture have survived through centuries. The Wales Act of 1536 solidified English control but also ensured that Wales would retain a separate identity.

Today, Wales is known for its national parks, castles, and breathtaking coastline. Cities like Cardiff, the capital, blend modern life with rich traditions, while rural areas are a haven for hikers, history lovers, and adventure seekers. Whether you're exploring ancient castles, vibrant markets, or natural wonders, Wales offers an unforgettable journey through time and beauty.

About Cardiff

Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a vibrant city brimming with history, culture, and modern charm. With its origins dating back to Roman times, Cardiff has evolved from a small settlement into one of the most important cities in the United Kingdom. The Romans established a fort in the area around 55 AD, and the remnants of their influence can still be seen in landmarks like Cardiff Castle. The city’s development accelerated in the 19th century, driven by the booming coal industry, which made Cardiff one of the largest coal ports in the world. This period also saw the construction of many of the city's most iconic buildings. Cardiff became the capital of Wales in 1955, solidifying its importance as the political and cultural hub of the country.

Today, Cardiff is known for its lively arts scene, stunning architecture, and world-class sporting events. The city seamlessly blends its rich historical past with modern attractions, making it an exciting destination for travelers. From the medieval Cardiff Castle to the modern Wales Millennium Centre, Cardiff offers visitors a unique experience, where the old and new coexist harmoniously in a dynamic, thriving city.

7 Best Things to Do in Cardiff

Trip map created with Wanderlog, an itinerary planner on iOS and Android

1. Start by visiting Cardiff Castle at the city center of Cardiff

Nestled in the heart of Cardiff, Cardiff Castle is a striking landmark with over 2,000 years of history. Originally built as a Roman fort around the 1st century AD, the site later became a Norman stronghold in the 11th century, featuring the iconic motte-and-bailey design. In the 19th century, the castle was transformed into a lavish Gothic Revival mansion by the wealthy Bute family under the guidance of architect William Burges. The interiors are adorned with intricate carvings, stained glass, and elaborate murals that reflect medieval and mythical themes. Visitors can explore the Norman keep, the extravagant Bute apartments, and the wartime air-raid shelters hidden within the castle walls. Cardiff Castle stands as a testament to the city’s rich and layered past, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and architectural lovers alike.

2. Stroll by the Cardiff Bay

Once the heart of Wales’ coal export industry, Cardiff Bay has undergone a remarkable transformation from an industrial hub to a vibrant waterfront destination. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the port — then known as Tiger Bay — was among the busiest in the world, shipping coal from the South Wales Valleys to destinations across the globe. However, as the coal industry declined, so did the area. A massive regeneration project in the late 20th century, including the construction of the Cardiff Bay Barrage, turned this once-neglected area into a lively cultural and leisure hub. Today, Cardiff Bay is home to iconic landmarks like the Wales Millennium Centre, the historic Pierhead Building, and the scenic Mermaid Quay, offering visitors a mix of history, entertainment, and stunning waterfront views.

3. Check out the Merchant Seafarers' War Memorial and Pierhead Building

The Merchant Seafarers’ War Memorial, located in Cardiff Bay, is a powerful tribute to the merchant navy sailors who lost their lives during both World Wars. Designed by artist Brian Fell and unveiled in 1994, the sculpture features a dramatic bronze figure emerging from the ground, symbolizing the sailors lost at sea. The memorial reflects Cardiff’s deep maritime history, as the city was once one of the most significant coal-exporting ports in the world. During the war, merchant seafarers played a crucial role in transporting supplies, often facing extreme dangers from enemy attacks. The memorial stands as a solemn reminder of their sacrifice and bravery, making it an essential stop for visitors interested in Cardiff’s naval heritage and wartime history.

Nearby, the Pierhead Building stands as an architectural masterpiece, known for its striking red-brick facade. Built in 1897 as the headquarters for the Bute Dock Company, the building played a key role in managing Cardiff’s booming coal exports. Designed by architect William Frame in a Gothic-Renaissance style, the building features an ornate clock tower, often referred to as the "Big Ben of Wales." Over the years, the Pierhead Building has served various functions and now operates as a visitor center, hosting exhibitions on Welsh history and politics. With its stunning architecture and historical significance, the Pierhead Building offers a fascinating glimpse into Cardiff’s past as a major maritime and industrial hub.

4. Enjoy a performance at the Wales Millennium Centre

The Wales Millennium Centre is Cardiff’s premier cultural venue and a modern architectural marvel. Opened in 2004, this striking building is home to the Welsh National Opera, among other performing arts organizations. Its unique design, featuring a copper-colored façade and an inscription in both Welsh and English (“In These Stones Horizons Sing”), has made it one of the most recognizable landmarks in Wales. The centre hosts a wide range of performances, from opera and ballet to theatre and live concerts, making it a cultural powerhouse in the city. Built on land once occupied by Cardiff’s bustling docks, the centre represents Cardiff’s transformation from an industrial city into a thriving hub of arts and entertainment. Visitors can enjoy a performance, explore the interactive exhibitions, or simply admire the building’s remarkable architecture.

5. Get a glimpse of Cardiff’s spiritual past at Llandaff Cathedral

Located in the quiet suburb of Llandaff, just outside Cardiff’s city center, Llandaff Cathedral is a breathtaking example of medieval architecture with a history dating back to the 12th century. Built on the site of an earlier religious settlement, the cathedral has witnessed centuries of transformation, including damage during the English Civil War and World War II. The cathedral is known for its impressive West Front, its elegant Lady Chapel, and the striking Christ in Majesty sculpture by Jacob Epstein, which dominates the nave. Despite suffering severe bomb damage during the Cardiff Blitz of 1941, Llandaff Cathedral was meticulously restored and remains an active place of worship. It is a must-visit for those interested in Welsh history, religious heritage, and Gothic architecture.

6. Visit the Cardiff City Hall

Built in 1906, Cardiff City Hall is one of the most impressive civic buildings in the United Kingdom. Located in the heart of Cathays Park, the hall showcases stunning Edwardian Baroque architecture, complete with a grand clock tower, intricate sculptures, and a lavish marble interior. Inside, visitors can explore the Marble Hall, which houses statues of Welsh historical figures, and the ornate Council Chamber, where Cardiff’s governance takes place. The building symbolizes Cardiff’s rise to prominence as the capital of Wales in the early 20th century. Surrounded by beautifully landscaped gardens and government buildings, Cardiff City Hall is an architectural gem that reflects the city’s rich civic heritage.

7. Explore the Cardiff National Museum

The National Museum Cardiff is a treasure trove of Welsh history, art, and natural sciences. Established in 1907 and housed in a magnificent neoclassical building, the museum boasts an extensive collection of exhibits ranging from prehistoric fossils to modern art. One of its most famous displays is the Evolution of Wales, which takes visitors on a journey through 4.6 billion years of history, showcasing dinosaur skeletons and ancient Welsh landscapes. Art lovers can explore an impressive collection of European and Welsh paintings, including works by Monet, Van Gogh, and Turner. The museum also features exhibitions on Welsh industrial history, archaeology, and geology. Best of all, entry is free, making it an accessible and enriching experience for all visitors.

Visiting Cardiff

Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Cardiff is during late spring (May-June) and early autumn (September-October) when the weather is pleasant, and the crowds are manageable. Summer (July-August) offers the warmest temperatures and vibrant festivals, such as the Cardiff International Food and Drink Festival, but it can be crowded. Winter is quieter, though rain is frequent, and attractions may have reduced hours. However, one of the most enchanting times to visit Cardiff is during Christmas. The city is beautifully adorned with twinkling lights, and the Cardiff Christmas Market in the city center, and the Winter Wonderland ice skating rink near City Hall are must-see. We visited Cardiff during Christmas.

Number of Days to Stay: A one-day trip is ideal for exploring Cardiff’s top attractions, from Cardiff Castle to the scenic Cardiff Bay. However, to experience the city at a relaxed pace, a two to three-day stay is recommended. This allows time for museums, local markets, city parks, and day trips to nearby landmarks, such as Castell Coch or the Brecon Beacons National Park.

Best Place to Stay: For first-time visitors, staying in Cardiff City Centre is the best option, as it provides easy access to major attractions like Cardiff Castle, St. David’s Shopping Centre, and Cardiff Bay. If you prefer a quieter stay, Pontcanna offers a charming, leafy neighborhood with boutique hotels and cozy B&Bs. Cardiff Bay is another great option for waterfront views and a lively atmosphere. We stayed in the Holiday Inn Express at Cardiff Bay.

Best Way to Arrive: Cardiff is well-connected by air, rail, and road, making it easily accessible. Cardiff Airport, located 12 miles from the city, serves international and domestic flights, with bus and taxi services available to the city center. If traveling from London, the Great Western Railway (GWR) offers a direct train from London Paddington to Cardiff Central Station in under two hours. For budget travelers, National Express and Megabus provide affordable coach services. Driving to Cardiff is also convenient via the M4 motorway, but parking in the city center can be limited. We drove to Cardiff from London in our own car.

Best Local Mode of Conveyance: Cardiff is a compact and walkable city, making it easy to explore on foot. For longer distances, the Cardiff Bus network efficiently connects key attractions, including Cardiff Bay and Llandaff Cathedral. The Baycar (Route 6) is a convenient shuttle between the city center and Cardiff Bay. Taxis and rideshares like Uber are available, but they can be costly. Cycling is another great option, with dedicated bike lanes and rental services like Nextbike. If you are visiting Cardiff Bay, the Aqua Bus water taxi provides a scenic and enjoyable transport alternative.

Epilogue

So that brings us to the end of our journey across the 7 best things to do in Cardiff. Please let us know in the comments below if you enjoyed reading this article.

And if you want to read the day-by-day account of our 4000 km road run across all countries of the British Isles during the Christmas of 2023, please visit our article The British Isles in 2 Weeks | 4000 km Road Trip across Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales) and Ireland (Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland) from the Netherlands | Itinerary, Tips, and Tricks. Until then, merry traveling and happy shooting!